2 Corinthians 6:16 And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.

It is interesting to observe the background giving rise to the Apostle Paul’s indictment, “In 1 Corinthians 8:1-13 and 10:14-30, Paul dealt extensively with problems relating to dining in pagan temples and eating meat sacrificed to idols. These activities were not simply a function of pagan religiosity from which the new believer could easily abstain. Rather, they were an integral part of the social fabric of Roman society and were often associated with the fulfilment of civic responsibilities. Since only the well-to-do had homes large enough for a formal dining room, the abundant temples of Corinth provided facilities for entertaining dinner parties. The related fees were naturally used for the support of the temple and cult. Numerous invitations to these ancient cocktail parties survive.”¹

2 Corinthians 6:15 And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or what part hath he that believeth with an infidel?

An infidel is an unbeliever, a non-Christian, a pagan. The word “part” means “a part of a whole or portion”, more specifically, it describes “part of a whole that has been chosen or divided up share, portion.” In other words, the believer has no part in the lifestyle, practice, belief, allegiance of the unbeliever. The two simply cannot go together. They are totally no common ground of faith and practice.

2 Corinthians 6:15 And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or what part hath he that believeth with an infidel?

The word “concord” means “agreement”. Belial literally means “worthless, wicked”, the name of Satan. Christ’s mission is in concord with His Father’s will. Whereas Satan is in rebellion against God. Therefore, there is no common ground for cooperation. When we commit our lives to God in Christ, we are exhorted to be separate from evil, in thought and in deed. This would mean separating from those who are not in Christ for there is no common allegiance.

This was God’s warning to the children of Israel – Deuteronomy 13:6-8 If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daughter, or the wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, which is as thine own soul, entice thee secretly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy fathers; Namely, of the gods of the people which are round about you, nigh unto thee, or far off from thee, from the one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth; Thou shalt not consent unto him, nor hearken unto him; neither shall thine eye pity him, neither shalt thou spare, neither shalt thou conceal him:

2 Corinthians 6:14 Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness?

The Apostle Paul uses 4 imageries to illustrate the distinct contrast between righteousness and unrighteousness or lawlessness as listed below:

Righteousness versus Lawlessness¹

Light Darkness

Christ Belial

Believer Unbeliever

Temple of God Idols

The imagery of light and darkness is the first. Jesus is called the Light, the Giver of eternal life as contrasted with the darkness of death by the Apostle John in John 1:4-7 In him (Jesus) was life; and the life was the light of men. And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not. There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe. John the Baptiser was raised by God to bear witness of Jesus, called the Light. By Jesus, life is imparted to man. Jesus is the Giver of life.

2 Corinthians 6:14 Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness?

The Apostle Paul exhorted members in the Corinthian church to be continually watchful of the lure of the ungodly to stifle them from their steadfastness in the Christian faith. The word “fellowship” means “sharing, partnership, as a participation in a common fellowship”. Righteousness or uprightness, the way of God, has nothing to do with lawlessness (unrighteousness).

2 Corinthians 6:14 Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness?

Calling to mind the injunction in Deuteronomy 22:10 “Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together”, the Apostle Paul The ox was a clean animal and the donkey unclean, and their step and pull are unequal. [MacDonald]

Oxen and donkeys pulled differently, so plowing a straight line would have been nearly impossible. Drawing a spiritual principle from the literal command, Paul argues that it is a mistake to hitch together a believer and an unbeliever in a close relationship that requires pulling together in a unified direction—whether marriage, business, or any other formal, longer-term contractual or covenant relationship. Why? Because believers and unbelievers have different goals, different worldviews, different methods, and different rules.¹ [Swindoll]

2 Corinthians 6:13 Now for a recompence in the same, (I speak as unto my children,) be ye also enlarged.

The Apostle Paul was a spiritual father to the church in Corinth. He was instrumental, used of God, to preach the gospel in Corinth, that resulted in God saving the souls that brought the church into existence. Therefore, years later, he speaks as a spiritual father unto his spiritual children that they would as children love their father as the father has loved them.

It is desirable that there should be a mutual good affection between ministers and their people, and this would greatly tend to their mutual comfort and advantage. [Matthew Henry]
2 Corinthians 6:13 Now for a recompence in the same, (I speak as unto my children,) be ye also enlarged.

The Apostle Paul was a spiritual father to the church in Corinth. He was instrumental, used of God, to preach the gospel in Corinth, that resulted in God saving the souls that brought the church into existence. Therefore, years later, he speaks as a spiritual father unto his spiritual children that they would as children love their father as the father has loved them.

It is desirable that there should be a mutual good affection between ministers and their people, and this would greatly tend to their mutual comfort and advantage. [Matthew Henry]

2 Corinthians 6:12 Ye are not straitened in us, but ye are straitened in your own bowels.

The Corinthian Christians do not occupy a little or restricted portion of the Apostle Paul’s heart, he loved them dearly. He unequivocally tells them. The word “straitened” literally means confine, squeeze into a narrow tight place, restrict; figuratively in the passive, as having a cramped or narrow feeling be restricted, be severely limited. [Friberg]

MacDonald said well, “Any restriction in affections between the Corinthians and Paul is not in himself but in them. They might have limited love toward him, so that they were not sure whether they should receive him or not, but he was not at all limited in his love toward them. The lack of love was on their side, not Paul’s.”

The fact that he has come such a long way and endured many sufferings, he explained, is proof of his sincere love for them. He has to explain himself so that he may help them see that their affections toward him have been compromised.

2 Corinthians 6:11 O ye Corinthians, our mouth is open unto you, our heart is enlarged.

The Apostle Paul by the burden of a loving heart speaks to exhort the church in Corinth to love and good works. Poole said well, “This enlargement of my heart is that which openeth my lips, and makes me speak freely to you, both in admonishing you of your errors, and in exhorting you to your duty.”

Thank God for such a man of God willing to impart, by patience and example, the privilege of life with God. What a blessing it is to read such a love letter to the church. A man bearing his soul for the eternal benefit those who God brought into his contact.

2 Corinthians 6:10 As sorrowful, yet alway rejoicing; as poor, yet making many rich; as having nothing, and yet possessing all things.

The life of faith with God in Christ is an enriching life because of the imparting of life eternal to that privileged soul. This supply of life bears its evidence in a relationship of trust with an invisible yet Almighty, compassionate, benevolent God. Having Christ in us is the believer’s sufficiency. The psalmist said well, “The LORD is my shepherd, I shall not want.” (Psalm 23:1) I shall have no lack. And he also says, “…my cup runneth over.” (Psalm 23:5) God will see that he will have more than enough to bless others. Culminating in the confident declaration – “Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: and I will dwell in the house of the LORD for ever.” (Psalm 23:6)

The Apostle Paul did not set his heart on the endowment of the possessions of this world because he understood that it is fleeting. His value system is this: Anything that has true value must be eternal. Therefore, he pursued to impart the richness of his understanding of life eternal through Christ to others, enriching their lives, when they too, set their affections on things above.